A Regularity Criterion for Semigroup Rings

An analogue of the Kunz–Frobenius criterion for the regularity of a local ring in a positive characteristic is established for general commutative semigroup rings.     

Absorbing boundary conditions for electromagnetic wave propagation

In this paper, the theoretical perfectly absorbing boundary condition on the boundary of a half-space domain is developed for the Maxwell system by considering the system as a whole instead of considering each component of the electromagnetic fields individually. This boundary condition allows any wave motion generated within the domain to pass through the boundary of the domain without generating any reflections back into the interior. By approximating this theoretical boundary condition a class of local absorbing boundary conditions for the Maxwell system can be constructed. Well-posedness in the sense of Kreiss of the Maxwell system with each of these local absorbing boundary conditions is established, and the reflection coefficients are computed as a plane wave strikes the artificial boundary. Numerical experiments are also provided to show the performance of these local absorbing boundary conditions

     

Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium in Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: Beyond the McWhirter criterion

In the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) technique, the existence of Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE) is the essential requisite for meaningful application of theoretical Boltzmann–Maxwell and Saha–Eggert expressions that relate fundamental plasma parameters and concentration of analyte species. The most popular criterion reported in the literature dealing with plasma diagnostics, and usually invoked as a proof of the existence of LTE in the plasma, is the McWhirter criterion [R.W.P. McWhirter, in: Eds. R.H. Huddlestone, S.L. Leonard, Plasma Diagnostic Techniques, Academic Press, New York, 1965, pp. 201–264]. However, as pointed out in several papers, this criterion is known to be a necessary but not a sufficient condition to insure LTE. The considerations reported here are meant to briefly review the theoretical analysis underlying the concept of thermodynamic equilibrium and the derivation of the McWhirter criterion, and to critically discuss its application to a transient and non-homogeneous plasma, like that created by a laser pulse on solid targets. Specific examples are given of theoretical expressions involving relaxation times and diffusion coefficients, as well as a discussion of different experimental approaches involving space and time-resolved measurements that could be used to complement a positive result of the calculation of the minimum electron number density required for LTE using the McWhirter formula. It is argued that these approaches will allow a more complete assessment of the existence of LTE and therefore permit a better quantitative result. It is suggested that the mere use of the McWhirter criterion to assess the existence of LTE in laser-induced plasmas should be discontinued.     

An abstract Nyquist criterion containing old and new results

We prove an abstract Nyquist criterion in a general set up. As applications, we recover various versions of the Nyquist criterion, some of which are new.     

Bayesian Sparse Group Selection

This article proposes a Bayesian approach for the sparse group selection problem in the regression model. In this problem, the variables are partitioned into different groups. It is assumed that only a small number of groups are active for explaining the response variable, and it is further assumed that within each active group only a small number of variables are active. We adopt a Bayesian hierarchical formulation, where each candidate group is associated with a binary variable indicating whether the group is active or not. Within each group, each candidate variable is also associated with a binary indicator, too. Thus, the sparse group selection problem can be solved by sampling from the posterior distribution of the two layers of indicator variables. We adopt a group-wise Gibbs sampler for posterior sampling. We demonstrate the proposed method by simulation studies as well as real examples. The simulation results show that the proposed method performs better than the sparse group Lasso in terms of selecting the active groups as well as identifying the active variables within the selected groups. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.     

分段函数与初等函数关系及表达的讨论与进展

依据历史的延革、认知的进展,提出了关于初等函数的一个比较系统的概念;给出的限制域、存在域、定义域的概念,使函数的表达、相关的判断得以扩展,给出了分段函数初等性的一个简明的充分性判断;对于分段函数初等性主要的、广传的文献作了综述与评析,指出了存在的与需要研讨的问题.     

一类线性模型中Bayes估计的优良性

本文研究了一类线性模型中参数的Bayes线性无偏估计的优良性.利用矩阵论的相关知识,分别在平衡损失准则和均方误差阵准则下,得到了Bayes线性无偏估计优于广义最小二乘估计的条件.     

非线性自回归模型的几何非常返性

本文研究了非线性自回归模型的随机稳定性.通过建立恰当的Foster-Lyapunov条件,得到了非线性自回归模型几何非常返的充分条件.